Heat oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add onion, shaved zucchini (use a potato peeler and cut ribbons), mushrooms, and garlic to pan; cook 4 minutes, stirring frequently. Remove from pan and set aside.

Add turkey to the same pan, cooking 3-5 minutes, stirring to crumble. Add stock, basil, sugar, and tomatoes to pan and stir. Add the vegetables back in; simmer 3 minutes. Stir in cream, butter, salt, and red pepper; simmer 1 minute.

While sauce cooks, cook pasta according to package directions. Divide noodles evenly on a platter and top evenly with sauce; sprinkle evenly with remaining 1/4 cup basil and cheese.